Mango is an edible drupe that originates from the tropical Mango tree.

It is believed to have originated in the region encompassing northwestern Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northeastern India. Since ancient times, mangoes have been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia, resulting in two distinct modern varieties: the Indian type and the Southeast Asian type.

Over time, the cultivation of mangoes has spread worldwide, making it one of the most popular fruits in many countries. The growth of mangoes is particularly abundant in tropical and subtropical regions, such as India, Thailand, and the Philippines, where a wide range of mango varieties can be found.

Globally, there are hundreds of mango varieties, each varying in size, shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color. The mango fruit can range from pale yellow, golden, and green, to orange. Notably, mango holds the distinction of being the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.

Mango has earned the reputation of being the "king of tropical fruits" due to its high nutritional value. For instance, 100 grams of mango contains a significant amount of vitamin A, approximately 3.8%, which is twice as much as apricots.

Additionally, mangoes boast a higher vitamin C content compared to oranges and strawberries. Every 100 grams of mango pulp contains between 56.4 to 137.5 mg of vitamin C, with some varieties reaching as high as 189 mg.

The deliciousness of mango extends beyond its raw consumption. It is widely used in various delicacies and beverages. Mango ice cream, mango smoothies, and mango pudding are just a few examples of delectable mango-based desserts.

These treats offer a rich mango flavor and a delightful texture, providing immense enjoyment to those who indulge in them. Moreover, mangoes can be utilized to make jams, juices, and salads, adding taste and sophistication to a wide array of dishes.

Furthermore, mangoes have numerous other applications. Mango wood, known for its durability and beautiful grain, is often used in the manufacturing of furniture and handicrafts, making it a versatile material for interior decoration. Mango leaves and bark are also used in herbal medicine, as they possess certain medicinal properties.

When determining the ripeness of a mango, two essential indicators are its smell and texture. While appearance can provide some clues, it should not be the sole basis for judgment. To ascertain whether a freshly purchased mango is ripe enough to enjoy, consider the following factors:

1. Shape: In most mango varieties, round and plump fruits are preferable to flat ones. However, it is crucial to consider the specific characteristics of different mango varieties.

2. Fruit base: The flesh and skin surrounding the stem should be slightly inflated and relatively round. When a mango is not yet ripe, the stem ends tend to be flat, indicating that the pulp, juices, and sugars inside have not fully ripened. A ripe mango, on the other hand, features plump flesh and a slightly raised stem.

3. Color alone is not a reliable indicator. The color of a mango primarily indicates the amount of sunlight it has received rather than its freshness. Additionally, different mango varieties exhibit varying ripening colors. Therefore, relying solely on color to determine ripeness is not advisable.

Mangoes are versatile fruit with a rich history and widespread popularity. Their nutritional value, delicious taste, and various uses make them a favorite among many cultures.

By considering factors like shape, fruit base, and overall sensory cues, one can determine the optimal ripeness of a mango, ensuring a delightful eating experience.